含Pu废物的玻璃和玻璃陶瓷固化基材研究进展

对于239Pu含量较高且很难回收利用的含Pu废物,在安全处置前须进行妥善的固化处理。玻璃和玻璃陶瓷因在制备方面具有较陶瓷简单的工艺、低廉的成本和高效的产出被认为是目前处理含Pu废物综合优势明显的固化基材,因而得到了广泛和深入的研究。本文对碱硼硅酸盐玻璃、镧硼硅酸盐玻璃、铁磷酸盐玻璃以及含钙钛锆石、烧绿石或独居石结晶相的玻璃陶瓷等在含Pu废物固化方面的研究进展进行了综述,包括其组分、Pu包容量和化学稳定性,并进行了对比分析,认为在对玻璃固化基材继续研究与应用的基础上,玻璃陶瓷有望成为固化绝大多数含Pu废物的较佳选择。

Development of Glass-based Confinement Matrix for Plutonium-containing Waste

Plutonium containing waste with characteristics of high ²³⁹Pu content and difficult reuse must be immobilized as soon as possible before safe disposal. Glass and glass-ceramics considered to be more excellent confinement matrices (simpler process, lower cost and higher productivity) for immobilizing plutonium containing waste than ceramics were studied extensively and thoroughly including alkali borosilicate glass, lanthanide borosilicate glass, iron phosphate glass and zirconolite, pyrochlore or monazite-based glass-ceramics. Their chemical composition, chemical durability and the content of plutonium or its surrogate were presented and discussed by contrast in this paper. It is believed that glass-ceramics will be a good alternative for immobilizing most of plutonium-containing waste through consistently investigating and applying.