底部框剪砌体房屋抗震性能的试验研究

对底部两层框架—砖抗震墙、上部三层砖房 ,底层框架—砖抗震墙、上部四层砖房及底部两层框架—混凝土抗震墙、上部五层砖房 (三榀 ) 1 6比例模型进行了模拟地震振动台试验 ;分析了结构在水平地震作用下的力学性能 ,包括受力特点、变形特征、破坏形态等 ,以及结构在不同受力阶段的动力特性变化规律、地震反应分布规律 ,结构的抗震能力、薄弱层和薄弱部位 ;提出了结构弹塑性动力分析的力学模型和方法 ,尤其框剪层和砖砌体层的恢复力特性计算模型及其特征点的计算公式 ;最后对三种房屋的模型和原型结构进行了弹塑性地震反应分析 ,并在与试验结果对比的基础上 ,提出了抗震设计建议 ,为底部框剪上部砌体房屋的抗震设计与动力分析提供了依据与方法。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON ASEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF MASONRY BUILDING WITH FRAME - SHEAR WALL STRUCTURE AT LOWER STORIES

The simulated earthquake tests on 1/6 Scale models of five-story brick masonry buildings with frame-brick masonry shear wall structure at first story and first two stories, and a 1/6 scale model of seven-story brick masonry building with frame-RC shear wall structure at first two stories were carried out. The mechanical behaviors of the structures under horizontal earthquake load, including the characteristic of earthquake force, the deformed features, the failure form etc., the changing laws of the dynamic characteristics and the distributive laws of the seismic responses of the structures in different experiment stages, the places of the weak stories and the seismic capacity of the structures were analyzed. The mechanical model and method for elastic-plastic dynamic analysis of the structures, especially the calculating model of hysteretic characteristic and the calculating formulas of characteristic values for frame-shear wall stories and brick masonry stories of the structures were presented. Finally, the elastic-plastic earthquake response analysis of the models and their prototypes of the structures were carried out, and based on comparison with the experimental results, some seismic design suggestions were presented.