冒险游戏场的起源、实例与启示

游戏是儿童成长中不可或缺的部分,儿童友好城市的重要硬件措施是建设儿童游戏据点。冒险游戏场作为代表性场所,在治愈儿童心理问题、培养儿童责任感、激发儿童危机意识和自我保护技能等方面发挥了重要作用。冒险游戏场在国外已有70余年的实践历史,但我国对冒险游戏场的研究尚处于初级阶段,在实践方面仍属空白。本文从剖析冒险游戏场的起源与核心思想入手,重点围绕欧美和日本的发展背景,对其发展历史进行系统梳理,再深入解读"常设"和"非常设"的三个典型案例,总结出设计理念"自由化"、空间要素"自然化"、场所运营"专业化"三个关键启示,为我国儿童公共空间的研究提供借鉴和参考。

The Origin,Examples and Enlightenment of the Adventure Playground

Playing is an indispensable part for children’s growth so it is an important hardware measure to build children’s free playing bases for child-friendly cities. The adventure playground, as a representative place, plays a vital role in curing children’s psychological problems, cultivating children’s sense of responsibility, stimulating children’s crisis awareness and self-protection skills, which has a history of more than 70 years in foreign countries. However, it is still in the cognitive stage and in a blank state of practice in China. This paper starts with the analysis of the origin and core ideas of the adventure playground, focuses on the development of adventure playgrounds in Europe, the USA and Japan, and then deeply interprets the three typical cases of standing and non-conformity. Then, it infers three key inspirations: the design concept of "liberalization", space elements of "naturalization" and place operation of "specialization", which aims to provide reference for the empirical study of children’s public and welfare space in China.