Biodiesel production from olive–pomace oil of steam-treated alperujo |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Food Phytochemistry, Instituto de la Grasa (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC), Avda. Padre García Tejero 4, 41012 Seville, Spain;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Profesor García González s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain;1. Grupo de Reciclado y Valorización de Materiales Residuales (REVAL), Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas (IIM-CSIC), r/Eduardo Cabello, 6., Vigo, 36208 Galicia, Spain;2. Institut Universitaire de Technologie de La Rochelle, 16 Rue François de Vaux de Foletier- 17026, La Rochelle Cedex 01, France;3. Grupo de Bioquímica de Alimentos, Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas (IIM-CSIC), r/Eduardo Cabello, 6. Vigo, 36208 Galicia, Spain;1. Environmental Department, Research Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM), C. José Gutierrez Abascal, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seville, C. Profesor García Gonzalez, n°1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain;1. Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada;3. Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology, An der Maxhütte 1, 92237, Sulzbach-Rosenberg, Germany;1. Biobased Commodity Chemicals, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, The Netherlands;2. NIZO Food Research BV, Kernhemseweg 2, 6718 ZB Ede, The Netherlands;1. Dept. of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain;2. Cerámica Malpesa, S.A. Autovía A-4, km 303, 23710 Bailén, Jaén, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Recently interest has been revived in the use of plant-derived waste oils as renewable replacements for fossil diesel fuel. Olive–pomace oil (OPO) extracted from alperujo (by-product of processed olives for olive oil extraction), and produced it in considerable quantities throughout the Mediterranean countries, can be used for biodiesel production. A steam treatment of alperujo is being implemented in OPO extraction industry. This steam treatment improves the solid–liquid separation by centrifugation and facilitates the drying for further extraction of OPO. It has been verified that the steam treatment of this by-product also increases the concentration of OPO in the resulting treated solid, a key factor from an economic point of view. In the present work, crude OPO from steam-treated alperujo was found to be good source for producing biodiesel. Oil enrichment, acidity, biodiesel yield and fatty acid methyl ester composition were evaluated and compared with the results of the untreated samples. Yields and some general physicochemical properties of the quality of biodiesel were also compared to those obtained with other oils commonly used in biodiesel production. As for biodiesel yield no differences were observed. A transesterification process which included two steps was used (acid esterification followed by alkali transesterification). The maximum biodiesel yield was obtained using molar ratio methanol/triglycerides 6:1 in presence of sodium hydroxide at a concentration of 1% (w/w), reaction temperature 60 °C and reaction time 80 min. Under these conditions the process gave yields of about 95%, of the same order as other feedstock using similar production conditions. |
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| Keywords: | Alperujo Biodiesel Steam treatment Methyl esters Olive–pomace oil Transesterification |
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