水平井压裂技术发展现状

水平井水力压裂增产技术对于薄储层、低渗透、稠油油藏以及小储最的边际油气藏改善开发效果、提高单井产量和最终采收率．都具有重要作用。就水平井压裂基础理论研究而言，国外在裂缝起裂、裂缝延伸、井筒和储层温度场、压后水平井产能预测等方而形成了较为成熟的认识，国内略显滞后，但在压后产能预测方而已建立了油藏和气藏压裂研究模型．开发了系列产能预测软件；在水平井压裂工艺的研究与应用方面，国外仍处于领先水平，国内亦进展迅速．如水力喷射分段压裂技术已在吉林、新疆、长庆等油田现场应用，辽河油田也完成了工具设计和模拟实验，但在多级压裂技术方面，国内研究与国外相比尚有差距，需要在封隔器和滑套性能方面进一步研究。由于多级压裂技术．特别是管外封分段压裂技术．属于完井－压裂－采油一体化技术，将成为水平井开发的重要手段。

Current Development Situation of Fracturing Technology in Horizontal Wells

For thin ,low permeamble and heavy oil reservoirs and marginal reservoirs with small reserves, hydraulic fracturing technology in horizontal wells is very important to improvement of development effects and enhancement of single-well production and ultimate recovery factor.ln terms of basic theoretical researches of fracturing in horizontal wells,more mature knowledge has originated abroad in fracture initiation,fracture propagalinn pattern,simulation of wellbore and fracture temperature fiehls and prediction of post-fracturing productivity,where it is slightly lagged at home,but fracturing research models have been built for post- fracturing productivity prediction of hydrocarbon reservoirs and systematic prediction softwares have been developed.Foreign research and application of fracturing technology in horizontal wells are still in the lead, and China research and application are also advanced rapidly,such as the applications of staged fracturing with hydraulic： jet in Jilin,Xinjiang and Changqing fields,and the tool designs and simulation experiments in Liauhe field.However,there is still a gap in multistage fracturing technology between foreign countries and China,and it is needed to further research functions of packer sleeve at home.In addition,the multistage fracturing tec.hnology,especially the technology with external pack-off,will be major tools for horizontal well hydrocarbon developments,because they are an integrated technology of well completion,fracturing and oil recovery.