基于光伏组件的太阳能资源观测

鉴于太阳能资源的测量和评价是太阳能开发利用的重要基础,按照光伏电池两种主要安装方式(倾斜固定和太阳跟踪),利用单晶、多晶和非晶三种典型的光伏组件设计进行了太阳能光伏资源观测试验,获得了各季节典型晴天条件下各类型光伏组件辐照度的日变化特征和倾斜面光伏组件一年中月均每日可发电量的极大值、极小值及其月份。通过对比各类型光伏组件在太阳跟踪器上和纬度倾斜面上光伏辐照度变化,得出跟踪光伏组件日均光伏曝辐量与倾斜光伏组件日均光伏曝辐量的相比较优势。根据光伏组件的观测结果推算出各类型光伏组件的光伏反演辐照度,与气象辐射观测用总辐射表的总辐射辐照度趋势非常一致,在太阳能光伏主要利用时段相对误差基本在10%以内。

Solar Energy Resources Observation Based on Photovoltaic Modules

As the measurement and evaluation of solar energy resources is an important foundation for solar energy development, solar photovoltaic resources observation test has been done by using three typical PV modules (single crystal, polycrystalline and amorphous ) in accordance with two photovoltaic cells installation methods (tilt fixed and sun-tracking). The diurnal variation of three PV modules irradiance in each season typical sunny conditions and the maximum and minimum monthly average daily power generation of tilt PV modules are obtained by the test. By contrasting three PV modules irradiance on the sun-tracking and latitude tilt surface, comparative advantage of daily radiant exposure on the sun-tracking to latitude tilt surface is obtained. Inversion irradiance of various types of PV modules can be calculated based on observation results. The inversion irradiance trend is consistent with pyranometer global radiation irradiance used in meteorological observation. In main use period of solar photovoltaic, the relative error between inversion irradiance of various types of PV modules and pyranometer global radiation irradiance is less than 10%.