基于双面组件的可调支架光伏发电系统仿真研究

以双面光伏组件和可调支架系统为基础,以青海格尔木为模拟地点,利用PVsyst光伏仿真软件,分析了不同调节次数的可调支架系统与固定支架系统在组件正面和背面辐射量、系统发电量、系统收益的差异。研究结果表明：通过调节支架改变光伏组件的角度后,组件最低点离地高度也在变化,直接影响组件正面和背面的辐射接收;光伏方阵前后间距影响土地利用率（GCR）,土地利用率降低后,背面的辐射量和系统发电量都有一定的增加;相对于固定支架双面发电系统,可调支架双面系统在不同调节次数下的组件背面全年辐射量均有一定降低,但整体的发电量得益于正面辐射的增益,最高可达4.8%左右;技术和经济比较结果显示,双面组件采用可调支架系统,每年2次的调节方式,25年生命周期内系统收益最高。文章还分析了单面发电组件和双面组件系统使用可调支架的经济性对比,在相同的调节次数下,双面组件系统的增益明显高于单面组件系统。本文的研究成果对可调支架双面组件发电系统的设计具指导作用。

Research on Adjustable Bracket in Bifacial Photovoltaic System

Based on bifacial PV module and adjustable mounting system, taking Geermu in Qinghai Province as the simulation site, the differences of solar radiance of modules, yearly power generation and system revenue between adjustable support system and fixed support system under different adjustment times were analyzed by using PVsyst photovoltaic simulation software. Results showed that, the height of the lowest point of PV module was changed by the angle of PV module, so the irradiation of front and rear side was directly affected. The distance between the two arrays affected the ground-coverage-ratio (GCR), when the GCR was reduced, the back side irradiance and the total energy yield of the module increased. Compared with the fixed bracket bifacial power generation system, the annual back irradiation of the module under different adjustment method were decreased, while the overall energy yield increased due to the increasing of front side irradiation, up to 4.8%. Technical and economic analysis showed that, for the bifacial module system, the economic benefits during its 25 year life cycle was the best when adjusting twice a year. Moreover, a comparison was made between monofacial and bifacial module system, the economic benefits of the bifacial module system was higher than the monofacial ones under the same adjustment times. The results can provide reference for designing of adjustable bracket bifacial system.