降低吸附式制冷系统驱动热源温度的研究进展

吸附式制冷是一种环境友好的制冷方式,可以利用低品位热能提供冷量,因此具有重要的节能意义。目前,吸附式制冷技术在太阳能热利用、工业余热利用等中低温余热领域已有应用,但对低于60℃热源的利用实例较少。降低吸附式制冷系统所需的驱动热源温度是扩大吸附式制冷系统使用范围的重要手段。吸附式制冷系统所需驱动热源温度与系统循环方式、吸附剂性能等因素密切相关。从二级/多级吸附式制冷循环、表面酸性强度与孔结构等影响吸附剂再生温度方面阐述了降低吸附式制冷系统驱动热源温度技术的国内外研究现状。分析结果显示,多级循环吸附式制冷系统可以降低装置的驱动热源温度,但装置结构较为复杂;低再生温度吸附剂能够拓宽吸附式制冷装置的驱动热源温度范围,吸附剂的脱附温度与表面极性、酸性、孔结构等参数有关,对吸附剂进行改性,吸附剂极性弱、酸性低的表面特性有利于降低脱附温度。另外,还介绍了数据中心余热驱动的吸附式制冷技术。开展降低吸附式制冷系统驱动热源温度的研究为低温余热高效利用提供了技术参考。

Review of Low Regeneration Temperature of Adsorption Refrigeration System

Adsorption refrigeration is an environmentally friendly refrigeration method that can provide cooling by using low-grade thermal energy, so it has important energy-saving significance. At present, adsorption refrigeration technology has been applied in low-temperature waste heat such as solar thermal utilization and industrial waste heat utilization, but there are few examples of using heat sources below 60^oC. Reducing the temperature of the driving heat source required by the adsorption refrigeration system is an important means to expand the application range of the adsorption refrigeration system. The driving heat source required by the adsorption refrigeration system is closely related to factors such as the system circulation mode and the performance of the adsorbent. In this paper, the research status of reducing the temperature of the driving heat source of the adsorption refrigeration system were described from the aspects of the double/multi-stage adsorption refrigeration cycle, surface acid strength and pore structure that affect the regeneration temperature of the adsorbent. Results showed that, the multi-stage adsorption refrigeration system can reduce the temperature of the driving heat source of the device, while the structure of the device was more complicated. The low regeneration temperature adsorbent can broaden the temperature range of the driving heat source of the adsorption refrigeration device, the desorption temperature of the adsorbent was related to the surface polarity, acidity, pore structure and other parameters. Modifying the adsorbent and using a surface with weak polarity and low acidity will help reduce the desorption temperature. In addition, the adsorption refrigeration system driven by the waste heat of the data center was also introduced. Research on reducing the temperature of the driving heat source of the adsorption refrigeration system provides a technical reference for the efficient use of low-temperature waste heat.