基于AMESim大口径步枪缓冲器设计与仿真

一般多数大口径步枪采用膛口装置和弹簧缓冲器抵制全枪后坐，但后坐行程较大，不利于武器系统的轻量化设计。而液压缓冲器制动效果平稳，结构轻便，加装液压缓冲器，能够有效地减小膛底合力峰值时冲击力。借鉴固定流液孔式缓冲器、液压元件节流阀工作原理以及细长小孔流液特征，设计自适应调节后坐与复进的弹簧—液压缓冲器，在AMESim软件中设置原12．7 mm口径步枪相关参数，进行系统计算。结果表明：自适应液压缓冲器能够在较短后坐距离上制动枪管后坐，有效减小后坐活动部件的后坐力和冲击效应，为大口径步枪减后坐研究提供了一定的参考。

Design of Hydraulic Buffer and Braking Simulation of Large Caliber Rifle Based on AMESim

Most of the large caliber firearms utilize muzzle device and spring buffer to counteract the whole recoil of the gun,but the large working stroke is not conducive to the lightweight design of weapon system. While the effect of hydraulic buffer is smooth and structure is light,and hydraulic buffer can effectively re-duce the impact force while bore-bottom resultant force acts on barrel.Referring to the working principle of fixed bottom-orifice buffer,hydraulic throttle valve and liquid characteristics of flowing into slender holes, we designed hydraulic buffer to adaptively adjust recoil and set the related parameters of the 12.7 mm cali-ber firearms into AMESim software for calculation systematically.The results show that:in a short working stroke,the hydraulic buffer should brake barrel recoil effectively and reduce the impact of bore-bottom re-sultant force,which provides a certain reference for the large caliber firearms research of reducing recoil.