对抗尾流自导鱼雷的防御技术

舰船航行时在尾部形成一条含有大量气泡的尾流，成为舰船的目标特征之一。尾流自导鱼雷利用舰船尾流进行目标检测，对舰船构成很大威胁。目前对尾流自导鱼雷缺乏有效的防御措施，发展水面舰艇反尾流自导鱼雷防御技术迫在眉睫。该文基于尾流特征及尾流自导鱼雷工作原理，介绍了用于对抗尾流自导鱼雷的气幕弹、磁尾流、拖网、深水炸弹和反鱼雷鱼雷等几种软杀伤和硬杀伤方法以及隐身技术和机动规避等非杀伤方法，总结了舰船对抗鱼雷攻击的3个关键环节包括高性能鱼雷报警系统、快速反应的水声对抗系统和多功能的水声对抗设施，旨在为有效防御尾流自导鱼雷提供思路。

Defense Technologies Against Wake Homing Torpedo

A long wake with lots of bubbles is formed behind a sailing ship,which provides a target feature of the ship.A wake homing torpedo detects target through wake to severely threaten surface ships.Since there is no effective countermeasure against the torpedo on a surface ship,it is imperative to develop the technology for countering wake homing torpedo.Based on wake features and operational principle of wake homing torpedo,this paper introduces some methods of soft kill,hard kill and non-kill,such as gas generator,magnetic wake,torpedo net defense(TND),depth bomb,anti-torpedo torpedo(ATT),stealth,and evasive maneuver.We summarizes three key points in the defense against wake homing torpedo,including high performance torpedo alarm system,rapid response acoustic countermeasure system,and multi-functional acoustic countermeasure device,to provide approaches to effectively countering wake homing torpedo.