含5-氨基四唑硝酸盐(5-ATEZN)推进剂的能量特性

利用最小自由能法,在标准条件(燃烧室压力pc:喷管出口处压力pe=70∶1)下,计算了含5-氨基-四唑硝酸盐(5-ATEZN)推进剂的能量特性。结果表明,5-ATEZN单元推进剂的比冲为2371.38 N·s·kg-1,与黑索今(RDX)及奥克托今(HMX)单元推进剂接近,且5-ATEZN的氧平衡(-10.8%)远高于RDX及HMX。用5-ATEZN取代粘合剂端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)推进剂中的高氯酸铵(AP)和RDX时,推进剂比冲和特征速度均降低;而用5-ATEZN取代GAP推进剂中的AP时,推进剂比冲和特征速度随5-ATEZN含量增多呈抛物线形变化,最高比冲可达2580.62 N·s·kg-1,与原配方相比提高17.93 N·s·kg-1。同时由于5-ATEZN不含氯元素,对降低推进剂的特征信号十分有利。因此,用5-ATEZN取代适量AP是实现GAP(聚叠氮缩水甘油醚)推进剂高能化和少烟化的一个可行途径。

Energy Characteristics of Solid Propellant Containing 5-Amino-tetrazolium Nitrate (5-ATEZN)

Under standard condition(chamber pressure p_c : nozzle exit pressure p_e=70:1), the energy characteristic parameters of solid propellant containing 5-amino-tetrazolium nitrate (5-ATEZN), a novel kind of high energy compounds with high nitrogen content, were calculated by the least free energy method. Results show that specific impulse of 5-ATEZN monopropellant is 2371.38 N·s·kg^-1, which is similar to that of RDX and HMX monopropellant. Moreover, the oxygen balance of 5-ATEZN (-10.8%) is much higher than that of RDX and HMX. Specific impulse and characteristic velocity of HTPB propellant decrease with substituting 5-ATEZN for the ingredient AP or RDX. But for GAP propellant, specific impulse and characteristic velocity are characterized by a parabola with substituting 5-ATEZN for the ingredient AP. The maximum specific impulse can reach 2580.62 N·s·kg^-1, which is 17.93 N·s·kg^-1 higher than that of previous formula without 5-ATEZN. Since 5-ATEZN has no chlorine, it''s helpful to reduce the characteristic signal of propellant. Therefore, substituting 5-ATEZN for the ingredient AP appropriately is a feasible approach to achieve the target of higher-energy and less-smoke for GAP propellant.