复合结构防爆罐抗爆特性的数值模拟

采用LS-DYNA显式非线动力有限元程序,数值模拟了内置柱壳/组簧和泡沫铝夹层的防爆罐在3 kg TNT爆炸载荷作用下的抗爆性能。结果表明:该防爆罐内壁面压力载荷呈现多次脉动特征。比冲量载荷经历数次阶跃上升。柱壳/组簧结构可以将爆炸能量更加均匀地传递给泡沫铝吸能夹层,在保证防爆罐内筒不发生塑性变形的前提下,可使泡沫铝的吸能效率显著提高。定量分析防爆罐内部各物质、各结构间的能量转化与吸收,表明泡沫铝夹层可通过卸载动能和透射应力波的形式较好吸收、转移内层钢板所获得的冲击能量。

Numerical Simulation of Blast Resistant Characteristics for the Composite Structure Anti-explosion Container

The blast resistant characteristics of anti-explosion container built-in cylindrical shells/group spring and aluminum foam sandwich under 3 kg TNT explosion impact loading were numerically simulated using LS-DYNA explicit non-linear dynamic finite element analysis (FEA) program. Results show that the container interior pressure load reveals the multiple pulsating characteristics. The specific impulse load experiences several step rise. The cylindrical shell/group spring structure can deliver energy to absorbing energy aluminum foam sandwich more evenly and makes the energy absorption efficiency of aluminum foam enhance obviously under the presime to guarantee that the plastic deformation does not occur in the inner cylinder of anti-explosion container. The quantitative analysis of energy conversion and absorption of each materials and all parts in anti-explosion container shows that alumium foam sandwich can transfer and absorb impact energy gained from the internal cylinder steel plate by the foam of unloading kinetic energy and transmission stress wave.