正面碰撞下轿车后排乘员伤害的仿真研究

为了研究后排乘员在正面碰撞中受到的伤害,使用MADYMO碰撞软件建立了包括车体、安全带系统和5%假人的某轿车后排正面碰撞约束系统模型.通过把仿真结果与样车碰撞试验结果进行对比,验证了模型的有效性.利用该模型对安全带形式、安全带刚度、卷收器锁止特性等参数对乘员的HIC、T3MS、胸部压缩量和左右大腿力等损伤值的影响进行了比较研究,结果表明:后排位置乘员需要佩戴3点式安全带;安全带刚度比原设计值增大7%～10%,HIC值可以从初始的989下降到800左右;卷收器锁止特性与原设计值相比减小15 mm,能有效提高乘员的安全性.

Simulation on Injury to Rear Seat Passenger under Car Front Crash Condition

To study the injury index to rear seat passenger in frontal crash,this article uses the MADYMO software to establish the rear seat passenger constraint system model which including car bodies,safety belts and a 5%dummy for impact simulation.The simulation values are close to test ones after contrasted with the vehicle impact test.The influence of design parameters including the stiffness of seat belt and belt retractor locking performance on passenger HIC,T3MS,THPC,femur force are researched by this model.Three-points seat belt can decrease injury index.HIC value can be dropped from the initial 989 to 804 when the stiffness of seat belt increase 7%～10%.Decreased in size by 15 mm belt retractor locking performance can effectively improve the passenger safety.