聚苯胺在防腐方面的研究及应用现状

聚苯胺(PANI)具有良好的热稳定性和环境稳定性,经掺杂后,具有导电性及电化学性,可作为填料应用于金属防腐领域。但其分子链骨架刚性强、分子间作用力大,不易加工成型,不溶于常规的有机溶剂,当其作为填料应用到防腐涂料中存在溶解性、分散性差且与金属基底附着力不强等缺点,如能对其进行合理有效的改性,则可解决上述问题。简要探讨了溶液聚合法、反相微乳液聚合法、模板聚合法以及电化学聚合法等PANI的制备方法,并针对PANI在防腐涂料应用中存在的问题,重点阐述了PANI的质子酸掺杂改性及复合改性等不同改性方法,通过掺杂不同的质子酸对PANI进行化学改性,可降低PANI分子链之间的相互作用,从而提高其溶解性、导电性和防腐性能。将不同性能的材料与PANI进行复合改性,改善分子间作用力,能提高其加工性,从而更好的应用于金属的腐蚀防护工作。最后介绍了PANI在腐蚀防护过程中的作用、在防腐蚀涂料中的应用及相关理论的研究现状,并指出PANI防腐涂层的研究重点和发展方向。

Research and Application of Polyaniline in Anti-corrosion

Polyaniline (PANI) has good thermal stability and environmental stability, and can be doped with conductive and electrochemical properties and used as a filler in the field of metal corrosion protection due to conductivity and electrochemical property. However, Polyaniline is difficult to be processed and formed due to strong rigidity in molecular chain skeleton and large intermolecular forces. Polyaniline is insoluble in conventional organic solvents and has poor solubility, poor dispersibility, and poor adhesion to metal substrates when used as filler. If reasonably and effectively modified, Polyaniline can solve the above problems. The preparation methods of PANI such as solution polymerization, reverse microemulsion polymerization, template polymerization and electrochemical polymerization were briefly discussed. The problems of PANI in the application of anticorrosion coatings were discussed, and different modification methods such as proton acid doping of PANI and compound modification were highlighted. Chemical modification of PANI by doping with different protonic acids could reduce the interaction between PANI molecular chains, thereby increasing the solubility, conductivity and corrosion resistance. The composite modification of PANI by materials with different properties could improve the intermolecular forces and the processability, and could be applied to the corrosion protection of metals better. Finally, the role of PANI in the corrosion protection process, the application of PANI in anti-corrosion coatings and related research theories are described, and the research emphasis and development direction of PANI anticorrosive coatings are pointed out.