油气田中CO2腐蚀的预测模型

综述了油气田中CO2腐蚀速率的预测模型．关于CO2腐蚀速率的预测模型主要包括经验模型(Empirical models)，半经验模型(Semi—empirical models)和机理模型(Mechanistic models)三类．经验模型是根据实验室和油气田现场腐蚀数据建立的预测模型，这类模型比较简洁，与现场的试验数据吻合较好．半经验模型先根据腐蚀过程中的化学、电化学过程和介质的传输过程建立腐蚀速率相关的动力学模型，然后利用实验室数据以及现场数据确定各因素的影响因子．机理模型主要是应用腐蚀热力学、动力学以及物质扩散动力学，基于CO2腐蚀机理建立腐蚀速率的预测模型．由于CO2腐蚀的影响因素很多，腐蚀机理异常复杂，要建立准确、普适的预测模型较为困难．目前这三类预测模型均存在一定的不完善性，应对其进行更深入的研究和改进．

PREDICTION MODELS FOR CO2 CORROSION OF OIL AND GAS FIELDS

Several prediction models for CO 2 corrosion of oil and gas fields have been reviewed.These models are mainly divided into three categories:empirical models,semi empirical models and mechanistic models.Empirical models are based on laboratory or field data.They are simple and coincide with much of field data quite well.Semi empirical models are developed according to chemical,electrochemical reactions kinetics and diffusion of species to and from the bulk phase.Then deviation from prediction models will be corrected by multiplying with factors.Mechanistic models are based on CO 2 corrosion mechanism combining corrosion thermodynamics and kinetics with diffusion kinetics.Because there are many factors affecting CO 2 corrosion and the CO 2 corrosion mechanism is extremely complicated,it is quite difficult to develop an accurate universal prediction models.The present prediction models,including empirical models,semi empirical models and mechanical models,are imperfect and need further improvement.