直链烷基胺浮选铝硅矿物机理

研究了一水硬铝石和高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石等几种含铝硅酸盐矿物在不同pH条件下的动电行为与浮选行为。一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石的等电点（IEP）分别为pH6．2，4．3，2．0，3．4。在pH＞IEP时，烷基胺类阳离子捕收剂主要以静电作用吸附在一水硬铝石矿物表面，其浮选高岭石等3种铝硅酸盐矿物的可浮性大小顺序是叶蜡石＞高岭石＞伊利石。高岭石、叶蜡石和伊利石均是层状硅酸盐矿物，其破碎磨细时，将沿层间断裂，由于晶体结构的原因其层面荷负电荷。烷基胺类阳离子捕收剂以静电作用力吸附于铝硅酸盐矿物表面的层面使矿物疏水上浮。

Mechanism of flotation for diaspore and aluminium-silicate minerals with alkyl-amine collectors

The electrokinetic properties and flotation of diaspore, kaolinite, illite and pyrophillite with alkyl amine collectors were studied. IEPs of diaspore, kaolinite, illite and pyrophyllite are pH 6.2, 4.3, 3.4 and 2.0 respectively. There is electrostatic interaction between diaspore and alkyl amine. When the diaspore is positively charged, the flotation recovery of diaspore is low with alkyl amine. If the pH value is higher than that of the precipitation of RNH 2, the flotation recovery of diaspore will reduce. There is also electrostatic interaction between aluminium silicate minerals (kaolinite, pyropyyllite and illite) and alkyl amine. The floatabilities are pyrophyllite>kaolinite>illite. Kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite are layers type silicate. Their sheets are negatively charged in all pH range. The alkyl amine cation can adsorb on the negatively charged sheets. IR measurements also demonstrate only physicoadsorption interaction takes place between aluminium silicate minerals (kaolinite, pyrophyllite and illite) and alkyl amine.