基于固有应变的大型焊接结构变形的预测

首先用热弹塑性有限元法研究了铝合金对接焊的固有应变的变化规律，得到了固有应变，即纵向收缩力Tendon Force，横向收缩和角变形与热输入参数Q／h^2之间关系曲线。在掌握了同有应变的变化规律的基础上，通过简化焊接结构，用弹性板单元有限元法，对大型铝合金机车车顶盖的部分结构的焊接变形进行了预测。研究表明，用基于固有应变的弹性板单元有限元法对大型焊接结构的焊后变形预测足可以实现的。

Prediction of deformation of large welding fabrication based on inherent strain

The paper studied the principle of the butt welding of the aluminum alloy adopting the thermo-elasto-plastic FEM. The curves between inherent strain, that is longitudinal shrinkage value,Tendon force anrl traverse shrinkage value, and thermal inputting parameter (O2/h) were obtained. On the base of learned the principle of the inherent strain the deformation of the aluminum alloy roping of the train adopting FEM of the elastic shell element by simplified welding model was predicted. The results indicate that the FKM based on the inherent strain can predict the deformation of the large welding fabrication.