基于FLUENT的车外环境热负荷对汽车内部温度分布影响的暂态分析

汽车外环境因素对于汽车室内的温度分布具有重要的影响.基于FLUENT软件,采用数值仿真法分析了环境温度、日照强度、车外风速等热负荷对车内温度分布的影响,并考虑紊流流动和车外壳与座椅的耦合传热,对车内的流动状态和温度场分布进行了暂态分析.计算结果表明:车体表面为动态变化的非均匀温度场,车体不同位置处的表面温度梯度差别较大,最高温度部位位于车顶部,车体两侧从上到下温度逐渐递减,且车外风速越大,车体的温度越低.空调开启瞬间,车内流场为复杂的紊流流动,后排座椅周围的空气温度较前排的温度率先降低.本研究可为汽车内热舒适性优化设计提供理论依据.

Transient analysis of thermal load on the internal temperature distribution of car based on FLUENT

Automobile external environment has important influence on the temperature distribution in the car.By using the numerical simulation method to analyze the influence of temperature, sunshine intensity and wind speed on the temperature distribution in the car based on FLUENT.And the transient flow condition and temperature field distribution of the vehicle are also analyzed by considering the coupling heat transfer between the turbulent flow and the seat.Calculation results show that: The surface of the car is a non-uniform temperature field with dynamic change, and the surface temperature gradient at different position is also distinct.The highest temperature position is located at the top of the car, and the temperature is gradually decreasing from top to bottom on sides of the car, and the larger of the environmental wind speed, the lower of the temperature.When the air conditioning is open at the moment, the flow field in the car is a complex turbulent, and the air temperature around the rear seat is lower than the temperature in the front row.This study can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of automotive heat comfort.