含能材料机械撞击感度判据的认识和发展

擅击感度"判据"的发展进程经历了上百年时间,由"爆炸概率"、"特性落高"到"爆炸的临界压力,炸药层的临界厚度"共经过了三个阶段.爆炸概率粗犷地区分各类炸药的擅击感度;特性落高可辨别每类炸药的撞击感度,尤其是高感度的炸药,如硝胺类化合物;而爆炸的临界压力和炸药的临界厚度则反映了在撞击作用下炸药发生快速反应的机理,可以更细微地分辨每种炸药的撞击感度.爆炸概率和特性落高适用于炸药撞击感度的常规检测,爆炸的临界压力和炸药的临界厚度适用于炸药撞击感度的理论研究.

Understanding and Development of Criteria of Impact Sensitivity of Energetic Materials

The development of criteria of impact sensitivity(IS) of explosives continued about hundred years.There are three steps of this development from criteria "explosion probability","characteristic height" to "critical pressure(p_(cr)) of initiation and critical thickness(h_(cr)) of explosives".Explosion percent roughly reflect the IS of group of explosives,more exactly reflect the IS of explosives with middle IS.Characteristic height H_(50) may in detail and precisely distinguish the IS of explosives with high IS,for example,type nitramines.While p_(cr) and h_(cr) of explosives reflect the process and mechanism of initiation of fast reactions of explosives under impact.The development of IS criteria shows the progress of human knowledge and understanding to the essence of impact sensitivity of explosives.Explosion probability and characteristic height H_(50),as criteria,are used for regular test and p_(cr),h_(cr) for scientific investigation.