蚕丝在生物医用材料领域的应用研究

蚕丝既是优质的天然蛋白纤维,也是优质的高分子蛋白质材料,具有良好的力学性能、生物相容性和可控的生物降解性等。随着生物医用材料领域的不断发展和各学科的交叉融合,蚕丝作为生物医用材料已展示出很强的竞争力,其在该领域的应用潜力已逐渐展现。介绍了蚕丝的构成和特点,总结了蚕丝丝素及丝胶提取的方法,综述了近年来蚕丝及蚕丝蛋白在组织工程、载药、敷料等方面的应用,并客观分析了蚕丝及蚕丝蛋白在这些具体应用过程中所发挥的重要作用及各种蚕丝材料的优缺点,最后就蚕丝在生物医用材料领域的应用前景进行了展望。

Research on Application of Silk in Biomaterial Field

Silk is an excellent natural protein fiber as well as a high-quality polymer protein material with good mechanical properties, biocompatibility, controllable biodegradability, etc. With the gradual development of biomaterial field and the cross-integration of various disciplines, silk as a biomaterial has shown the strong competitiveness and exhibited great application potential in this field. In this paper, the composition and characteristics of silk are introduced, and the extracting methods for both silk fibroin and sericin are also summarized. Furthermore, the applications of silk and silk proteins in tissue engineering, drug loading and wound dressing in recent years are reviewed. Besides, the functions of silk and silk proteins for specific applications as well as the advantages and disadvantages of silk-based material are analyzed. Finally, the application prospect of silk in biomaterial field is proposed.