FRM用先进陶瓷纤维及其拉伸强度

陶瓷,其耐热性、耐腐蚀性、功能性等引起人们重视,作为一种新材料而得到开发,其有用性得到了公认。所谓新材料,或明显提高原料纯度,或使其形状极端微细化、微粉化或者薄膜化,或使原料组合、制成合金,从而使材料性能得到空前的发挥。碳化硅(SiC)、硼(B)、氧化铝(Al₂O₃)等陶瓷也可使其形状变成又细又长的纤维状,从而使拉伸强度提高,使陶瓷的使用变得容易起来。本稿将就最近开发的轻质高强陶瓷纤维的性能加以介绍。 

ADVANCED CERAMIC FIBER AND ITS TENSILE STRENGTH

Since 1960s, the advanced ceramic fibers have been developed one after another to produce the metal matrix composites of high specific strength and rigidity. Nowadays, the continous boron, silicon carbide, carbon and alumina fiber and several kinds of whiskers are commercially supplied by a large scale production. In this article, the fabrication process and characteristics of these fibers are reviewed briefly. The degradation of the fiber reacting with molten aluminum was predicted by quoting the experimental results. The tensile strength of mono-filament was checked and the strength distribution was discussed on the basis of weibull distribution function. By finding the number of fracture modes depending on defect type, the multi-modal weibull distribution function is recommended to fit experimenal data points.