表面改性中稀土提高材料抗高温氧化及耐蚀性能的作用

稀土元素具有特殊的电子结构,对材料表面有着优异的改性潜力,在表面工程技术领域具有很好的应用前景.综述了稀土元素在化学热处理、激光熔覆、离子注入、真空等离子体镀膜、热喷涂等技术中对工艺过程的影响和提高材料表面改性层抗高温氧化和耐蚀性能的效果.稀土元素在改性层中的作用机理为:稀土元素的微合金化作用,改变了改性层中第二相或夹杂物的形态与性能,改性层组织细化和结构因素,是材料表面改性层抗高温氧化和耐蚀性能得到改善的主要原因.

Effect of Rare Earth in Surface Modification on High Temperature Oxidation Resistance and Corrosion Resistance of Materials

With a view to the potential and promising application of rare earth elements with special electronic structure in surface engineering, a review was given on the influence of rare earth on the processing techniques and improvement in high temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of surface modification coatings prepared by chemical heat treatment, laser cladding, ion implantation, vacuum plasma plating, and thermal spraying technology. The mechanisms of rare earth on the properties of the modification coatings were briefly introduced. It was pointed out that rare earth plays an important role in micro alloying, which led to the changes in the morphology, microstructure refining, and phase structure of the surface modification coatings and hence improved the properties of the coatings.