Capacitance-based liquid holdup measurement of cryogenic two-phase flow in a nearly-horizontal tube |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310027, China;2. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;3. Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering, Beijing 100094, China;4. China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China;1. von Karman Institute, Chaussee De Waterloo 72, B-1640 Rhode-St-Genese, Belgium;2. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 7-44-1 Jindaiji Higashi-machi, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8522, Japan;3. Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan;4. Aerothermodynamics and Propulsion Analysis Section, ESTEC-ESA, Keplerlaan 1, 2200AG Noordwijk, the Netherlands;1. North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Beijing 102206, China;2. School of Engineering and Digital Arts, University of Kent, Kent CT2 7NT, UK;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba, Brazil;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Liquid holdup measurement of cryogenic fluids is an area of considerable significance because of its inevitable occurrence in LNG transportation, rocket propellant delivery and superconducting equipment cooling, etc. To measure the liquid holdup of cryogenic two-phase flow, a capacitance sensor was carefully designed, which consists of a pair of optimized concave-electrode form with the electric circuit for the small capacitance detection. Four flow patterns were realized to evaluate the performance of the sensor in visualization experiments with liquid nitrogen and vaporous nitrogen. An image method was employed to calibrate the capacitance sensor, which led to a mathematical relationship between the capacitance and the liquid holdup. The results indicated that the obtained correlation between liquid holdup and capacitance satisfactorily coincided with the measured data. |
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| Keywords: | Cryogenic Two-phase flow Liquid holdup Capacitance measurement Sensor |
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