铝合金船舶的腐蚀防护技术现状与展望

针对国内外铝合金船舶的船体、空舱、海水管路系统、艉板法兰等部位的铝合金腐蚀现状进行了调研分析,发现船体基本采用涂料+铝合金牺牲阳极的方法进行保护,效果良好;而空舱、海水管路系统和艉板法兰等部位,却因防腐措施不到位分别存在一定的腐蚀问题。文章结合青岛海洋腐蚀研究所多年积累的铝合金实海腐蚀研究资料,在对相应部位腐蚀问题客观分析的基础上,分别对铝合金船舶的牺牲阳极阴极保护、防腐防污涂层保护、微弧氧化处理和电绝缘保护等腐蚀防护技术,在使用过程中存在的问题以及相应应对措施进行了分析总结,同时对铝合金船舶各项腐蚀防护技术的发展前景以及需要解决的问题进行了展望。

Status and Prospect of Corrosion Protection Technology about Aluminium Alloy Ship

In this paper, the corrosion status of aluminum alloy ship at home and abroad about the hull, the cabin, seawater pipeline, stern plate flange were analyzed through the investigation. The using of paint ＋ aluminum alloy sacrificial anode for the hull protection had a good protective effect, but the cabin, seawater pipeline, stern plate flange had some corrosion problems because the anti-corrosion technologies were not in place. Combined with marine corrosion research data about aluminum alloy accumulated by Qingdao Marine Corrosion Research Institute, the present application problems and response measures of corrosion protection technology about aluminum alloy ship were analyzed and summarized, such as sacrificial anodes, anticorrosive and antifouling coating, microarc oxidation technology, electrical insulation technology. Thereafter, the development suggestions and the problems to be solved of corrosion protection technology about aluminum alloy ship were raised, in order to provide reference for designers, builders and users of aluminum alloy ship.