子午线轮胎静负荷实验的有限元模拟

建立了一种子午线轮胎的三维非线性有限元模型,来模拟子午线轮胎的静负荷试验。模型中考虑了橡胶材料的非线性和不可压缩性、帘线-橡胶复合材料的各向异性、轮胎大变形导致的几何非线性以及轮胎与轮辋、轮胎与路面的接触非线性边界条件。提出了一种单元重叠技术,通过重叠不可压缩橡胶单元和描述帘线的单元来模拟帘线-橡胶复合材料,这种单元重叠技术产生的轮胎模型比正交各向异性模型计算过程更稳定。通过有限元分析,得到了子午线轮胎在充气压力和静负荷作用下的变形和应力分布情况以及接地区的压力分布情况,并将计算结果与试验结果进行了比较,两者吻合得很好。

FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION FOR STATIC LOAD TEST OF RADIAL TIRES

A 3-D nonlinear finite element model was established to simulate the static load test of a radial tire. The nonlinear property and incompressibility of rubber materials, the anisotropy of cord-rubber composites, geometric nonlinearity due to large deformation of tire and the nonlinear boundary conditions resulting from the contact of tire with rim and road are considered in this model. A technique of overlaying elements representing two different materials, cord and rubber, to model the cord-rubber composites is proposed. The numerical model is shown to be more stable and efficient than those using orthotropic elements. The results of deformation and stress distribution of the radial tire under inflation and vertical load, and the contact pressure distribution of the ground-contact area by finite element analysis are presented and compared with experimental results. Good agreement is achieved.