基于超声相控阵的水下船体表面成像方法研究

针对当前水下船体表面成像设备较少、成本较高、成像误差较大的问题,提出一种基于超声相控阵技术的水下船体成像方法。以超声相控阵技术为基础,控制一维线型超声相控阵列换能器发射的聚焦声波对水下船体表面进行相控扫描,声波作用于船体表面后发生散射,回波被换能器接收后利用双曲线交汇法计算出各反射点的点云数据,最终利用点云数据重构出水下船体表面的三维模型。通过搭建水池船模成像实验对方法进行了验证,结果表明,重构图像最大误差小于5mm,具有较高的成像分辨力。

Research on Underwater Hull Surface Imaging Method Based on Ultrasonic Phased Array

To solve the problem of lack of equipment, high cost and large errors on underwater hull surface imaging, a method based on ultrasonic phased array technology is proposed. The underwater hull surface is scanned by the focused sound beam emitted by a 1-D linear ultrasonic phased array transducer. Acoustic scattering occurs on the hull surface and echo signal is received by the transducer. The 3-D model of the underwater hull surface is reconstructed using the point cloud data of these scattering points calculated by hyperbolic intersection method. Experiment of underwater hull-model surface imaging is implemented. The result shows that the method has high imaging resolution and can accurately reconstruct the 3-D model of the underwater hull surface with a reconstruction error no more than 5mm.