栉孔扇贝血细胞的吞噬作用及其扫描电镜研究

用透射电镜和扫描电镜技术对栉孔扇贝血细胞的吞噬作用和表面结构进行了研究，结果表明，栉孔扇贝血细胞对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有很强的吞噬能力，注射细菌15h后，吞噬率分别达25％和27％，小颗粒（嗜中性颗粒）细胞吞噬能力最强，中颗粒（嗜碱性颗粒）细胞吞噬能力较弱，大颗粒（嗜酸性颗粒）细胞无吞噬能力，无颗粒细胞中只有少量较大的细胞具有吞噬能力。吞噬体不断与小空泡（初级溶酶体）融和形成大的吞噬体，并在其内将细菌逐步消化降解，吞噬体中的细菌也可被分散包围成多个小吞噬体后分别被降解。扫描电镜观察栉孔扇贝血细胞的圆形、椭圆形和梭形三种形状，多数血细胞容量变形形成伪足，可形成大量长的纤维状伪足的血细胞具有凝血的功能。

Phagocytosis and Scanning Electron Micrograph of Haemocytes Chlamys Farreri

The phagocytosis and surface structure of haemocytes of Chlamys farreri were studied using transmission and scanning electron microscopy The results were as follows The haemocytes of Chlamys farreri had very strong phagocytic activity on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus The phagocytic rates were 25% and 27% at 15h after injection with bacteria The phagocytic activity of small granulocytes (neutrophils) was the strongest The medium granulocytes (basophils) had a weak phagocytic activity The large granulocytes (acidocytes) had not phagocytic activity Only a small amount the larger agranlocytes had phagocytic activity A phagosome constantly fused with vesicles (primary lysosome) and changed into a big phagosome The bacteria were progressively degraded in the big phagosomes The bacteria in the big phagosomes could also be separated into many small phagosomes and degraded in the small phagosomes The haemocytes of Chlamys farreri were round, elliptic or shuttle when they were observed with scanning electron microscopy The most of haemocytes easily deformed and evolved pseudopodia The haemocytes which could formed a lot of folopodia had a function of haemolymph coagulatioon