Unconstrained design: improving multitasking with in-vehicle information systems through enhanced situation awareness |
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Authors: | Lee Skrypchuk Pat Langdon Ben D Sawyer P John Clarkson |
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Affiliation: | 1. Research and Technology Department, Jaguar Land Rover, Coventry, UK;2. Engineering Design Centre, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK;3. lskrypch@jaguarlandrover.com;5. Engineering Design Centre, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK;6. Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA |
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Abstract: | ABSTRACTIn the age of information, in-vehicle multitasking is inevitable. The popularity of the automobile, in combination with the present information age, create a growing demand to do more in-vehicle than simply focus on the road. Unconstrained Design, a philosophy which supports rather than constrains multitasking, is proposed as a path toward enhancing performance in-vehicle. Situation Awareness (SA), a theory allowing designers to understand how operators interact in dynamic, complex environments, is used to frame this experimental investigation. Two SA-grounded human-machine interface concepts are proposed, designed to support drivers to multitask in-vehicle when frequent task switching is required. The first focuses upon supporting preparation for a Non-Driving Related Activity (NDRA), and the second upon supporting the Driving Related Activity (DRA) when an NDRA is active. While multitasking, Contextual Cueing, using a Head-up Display, produced significant reductions in NDRA response time, while an auditory lane keeping aid increased the amount of time a driver spent in the central region of a lane. The combined evidence suggests that using SA and Unconstrained Design to create of IVIS that support drivers’ ability to multitask in-vehicle can lead to task performance improvements. |
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Keywords: | Automotive human machine interface situation awareness multitasking driver behaviour |
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