飞机飞越噪声持久时间的烦恼度实验研究

飞机飞越噪声是造成居民烦恼度的主要来源之一。为研究单次飞机飞越噪声事件中烦恼度的影响因素,根据飞越噪声特点制备了飞越噪声仿真信号并计算了信号的Moore响度。招募志愿者在静音实验室内进行了噪声烦恼度测试,分析了飞越噪声持久时间以及响度与烦恼度的相关性,并结合调查问卷分析志愿者背景因素对烦恼度的影响。结果表明,对于上升速度、峰值声压相同的噪声信号,烦恼度与持久时间有较大的相关性。持久时间越长,烦恼度越大。但过长的噪声信号会造成人耳的感觉适应现象,使之对烦恼的敏感度降低。累计百分数响度N10与烦恼度有良好的线性关系。N10越大,烦恼度越高。背景调查结果表明,性别差异对烦恼度没有显著性影响。日常耳机使用频率高的个体由于长期使用耳机造成的噪声敏感程度降低,因此对相同信号的烦恼度低于耳机使用频率低的个体。

Experimental Study on Annoyance of Duration Time for Aircraft Flyover Noise

Aircraft flyover noise was a major source of community annoyance. According to the acoustic characteristics of flyover noise, stimulus signals were simulated to analyze the effect factors on annoyance in single flyover event. Loudness based on Moore method was calculated for stimulus signals. An annoyance test was conducted in acoustic laboratory to assess the correlation among duration time, loudness and annoyance. Questionnaire surveys were used to assess the effects of subjects’ characteristics on annoyance. The result showed that there was a strong correspondence between duration time and annoyance at same onset rate and peak sound level. Long duration time leaded to high annoyance. Due to the sensory adaption effect of human ears, annoyance sensitivity decreased if a noise signal lasted too long. Annoyance increased with loudness exceed 10% of the time (N10) obeying a linear correlation. Questionnaire surveys showed that gender was not significant to annoyance. Annoyance of high earphone utilization subjects was lower than low earphone utilization ones. Long-term usage of earphone leaded to sensory decrease on noise.