我国骑车人违规行为及安全对策

观测骑自行车人的违规行为,研究提高机动车和自行车交互安全的对策。通过实地观测研究了在混合交通情况下骑自行车人的违规行为及其严重程度。研究者提出通过向机动车驾驶员发送自行车速度和方向信息,帮助驾驶员提前注意到自行车并及时采取避让措施,从而提高交互安全,并通过仿真驾驶实验验证了该对策的有效性。结果表明:观测过程中有大量骑车人违规行驶,最严重的两类行为是闯红灯和逆行。两个观测地点闯红灯的比例为高峰时段40.6%和55.7%,非高峰时间段60.9%和44.6%。仿真实验结果表明:在机动车左转、直行和右转三种场景下,通过发送提示信息对参试者的风险认知、机动车驾驶员的行为调整时间、二者距离最近时的速度、分开时的距离都有显著影响(p<0.05)。

Bicycle Riders' Regulation Violation and Safety Strategy

This study is conducted for the objectives:1) determine the nature and number of bicyc riders’ violation behavior in China,which was done by a field observation;and 2) investigate whether sending information of bicycle direction and speed can increase the safety during the interaction between bicycles and motor vehicles.Motor vehicle drivers’ perceived risk in the interaction and their reaction performance were analyzed.The results show that bicycle riders committe a lot of violations and often put themselves in dangerous situations.At rush hours,40.6% and 55.7% of them run through a red light for two observation sites,respectively.At non-rush hours,the percentage is 60.9% and 44.6%,respectively.Riding in the wrong direction is another serious regulation violation.The simulation results indicate,with bicycle information during interaction,it can result lower perceived risk,earlier reaction,lower speed when approaching,and longer separating distance providing(p<0.05).