Synthesising carbon emission for mega-cities: A static spatial microsimulation of transport CO2 from urban travel in Beijing |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Urban Planning, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;2. Department of Land Economy, 19 Silver Street, Cambridge CB3 9EP, UK;1. Tongji University, No. 1239, Siping Road, Shanghai, PR China;2. Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning & Design Institute, No. 1111, North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, PR China;3. Institute of Environmental Sciences, CML, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands;4. Center for Social and Environmental Systems Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan;5. Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;6. Department of Economics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China;7. Institute of Resource, Environment and Sustainable Development, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China;8. Centre for Engineering Operations Management, Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark;9. Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Traffic Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Cao''an Road, Shanghai 201804, PR China;10. Department of Environment Systems, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8563, Japan;11. School of Traffic and Transportation, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang City, PR China;1. School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China;2. Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-making, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China;3. Center for Climate Change and Environmental Policy, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing, 100012, China;4. Environmental Protection and Energy-saving Technology Research Center, China Waterborne Transport Research Institute, Beijing, 100088, China;5. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China;1. School of Geography Science and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;2. School of Geography & Tourism, Guangdong University of Finance & Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China;3. Institute of Transport Geography and Spatial Planning, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi''an 710119, China;1. National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 3058506, Japan;2. Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6158540, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Developing low carbon cities is a key goal of 21st century planning, and one that can be supported by a better understanding of the factors that shape travel behaviour, and resulting carbon emissions. Understanding travel based carbon emissions in mega-cities is vital, but city size and often a lack of required data, limits the ability to apply linked land use, transport and tactical transport models to investigate the impact of policy and planning interventions on travel and emissions. Here, we adopt an alternative approach, through the development of a static spatial microsimulation of people’s daily travel behaviour. Using Beijing as a case study, we first derive complete activity-travel records for 1026 residents from an activity diary survey. Then, using the 2000 population census data at the sub-district level, we apply a simulated annealing algorithm to create a synthetic population at fine spatial scale for Beijing and spatially simulate the population’s daily travel, including trip distance and mode choice at the sub-district scale. Finally, we estimate transport CO2 emission from daily urban travel at the disaggregate level in urban Beijing. |
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| Keywords: | Spatial microsimulation Simulated annealing Travel behaviour Beijing |
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