双循环策略下岸桥与跨运车的联合调度

集装箱码头采用跨运车能够减少作业环节和码头机械设备的种类与数量，同时缓存区容量的设置至关重要。首先，为降低码头总完工时间、提高码头作业效率，并解决采用跨运车作为水平运输设备与岸桥进行联合装卸作业时产生的时空协调问题，引入了双循环操作策略，对岸桥与跨运车的联合作业序列优化问题进行研究。其次，建立以总完工时间最小化为目标，考虑岸桥与跨运车双循环操作的实际约束、岸桥缓存区容量限制、安全时间等约束的混合整数规划模型。然后，针对传统禁忌搜索（TS）算法的局限性，加入贪婪算法、多种邻域搜索方式、响应性策略，设计了基于贪婪算法的响应性TS算法，并进行了数值实验。实验结果验证了所提模型与算法的有效性。最后，通过对缓存区容量与跨运车数量、岸桥与跨运车配比的实验分析，得出了最优的跨运车数量和缓存区容量、岸桥与跨运车配比。结果表明：与传统码头设备配置相比，双循环策略可减少跨运车使用数量，提高岸桥与跨运车使用率。

Joint operation of quay crane and straddle carrier under dual-cycle strategy

The use of straddle carrier in container terminals can reduce the operation links and reduce the types and quantity of terminal mechanical equipment， at the same time， the setting of buffer capacity is very important. Firstly， in order to reduce the overall completion time of the terminal， improve the operation efficiency of the terminal， as well as solve the spatial-temporal coordination problem caused by joint loading and unloading operation of using straddle carrier as horizontal transportation equipment with quay crane， the dual-cycle operation strategy was introduced and joint operation sequence optimization problem of quay crane and straddle carrier was studied. Secondly， a mixed integer programming model was established to minimize the total completion time. In the model， the practical constraints of dual-cycle operation of quay crane and straddle carrier， as well as the constraints of the buffer capacity of quay crane and safety time were considered. Thirdly， aiming at the limitations of traditional Tabu Search （TS） algorithm， an greedy algorithm based reactive TS algorithm was designed by introducing greedy algorithm， multi-neighborhood search method and reactive algorithm， and numerical experiments were conducted. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm. Finally， through the experimental analysis of the number of buffer capacity and straddle carrier， the ratio of quay crane and straddle carrier， the optimal number of straddle carriers and buffer capacity， as well as the ratio of quay crane and straddle carrier were obtained. The results show that compared with traditional terminal equipment configuration， the dual-cycle operation strategy can reduce the number of straddle carriers and improve the utilization rate of quay crane and straddle carrier.