海铁联运港口混合作业模式下轨道吊与集卡协同调度

在集装箱海铁联运港口中，铁路作业区作为连接铁路运输和水路运输的重要节点，其装卸效率将影响集装箱海铁联运的整体效率。首先，对比分析了“船舶-列车”作业模式和“船舶-堆场-列车”作业模式的特点，并结合海铁联运港口实际作业情况提出了混合作业模式。然后，以轨道吊完工时间最短为目标构建混合整数规划模型，既考虑了班列和船舶的作业时间窗约束，又考虑了轨道吊间干扰和安全距离、轨道吊和集卡接续作业和等待时间等现实约束。针对遗传算法在局部搜索能力方面的不足，将启发式规则与遗传算法相结合设计了求解轨道吊与集卡协同调度问题的混合遗传算法（HGA），并进行了数值实验。实验结果验证了所提模型和混合算法的有效性。最后通过设计实验分析集装箱数量、岸边箱占比、轨道吊数量和集卡数量对轨道吊完工时间和集卡完工时间的影响，发现同等集装箱数量下岸边箱占比提高时，应通过增加轨道吊数量来有效缩短完工时间。

Collaborative scheduling of rail-mounted gantry crane and container truck in hybrid operation mode of rail-water intermodal terminal

In the container rail-water terminal, the railway operation area is the essential node linking rail transportation and water transportation and its efficiency can influence the efficiency of container rail-water transportation. Firstly, the features of the "ships, trains" operation mode and the "ships, yard, trains" operation mode were analyzed and compared, and a hybrid operation mode was proposed by combining the actual operation of container rail-water intermodal terminal. Next, with the goal of minimizing the completion time of rail-mounted gantry crane, a mixed integer programming model was developed. The model considered the allowable operating time window constraints of trains and ships, and the realistic constraints such as the interference and safety margin between the rail-mounted gantry cranes as well as the continuous operation and waiting time of rail-mounted gantry crane and container truck. Aiming at the insufficient local search ability of genetic algorithm, a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm (HGA) was proposed by combining the heuristic rules with genetic algorithm to solve the collaborative scheduling problem of rail-mounted gantry crane and container truck, and experiments were conducted. Experimental results verified the effectiveness of the proposed model and the hybrid algorithm. Finally, some experiments were designed to analyze the impact of the number of containers, the proportion of quayside containers, the number of rail-mounted gantry cranes and the number of container trucks on the completion time of rail-mounted gantry crane and container truck. It is found that under the same number of containers, the number of rail-mounted gantry crane should be increased with the increase of proportion of quayside containers to reduce the completion time.