改进的无线传感器网络簇首选择策略及其路由算法

针对无线传感器网络中簇首能耗较大引起的能量黑洞问题，在不均匀分簇的基础上，从簇首选择和簇首更换两个方面提出相应的改进措施。在簇首选择时，将整个网络区域分为不均匀的簇，通过相关参数的设置，让每簇中能量最高的节点当选为簇首节点，网络运行时簇首维护本簇的能量信息表；在簇首更换时，采用局部更换测量，并由当前簇首在能量信息表中选择剩余能量最高的节点作为下一个簇首节点，从而改善了簇首能量效率和负载均衡。最后进行了仿真实验与对比，实验结果表明改进的路由协议能够有效提高网络性能，延长网络生命周期。

Routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks based on improved method of cluster heads selection

In order to alleviate the energy hole in wireless sensor network caused by the energy overconsumption of cluster heads, an improved algorithm was put forward. And the algorithm makes improvement on the selection and replacement of cluster heads. During the cluster heads selection, the algorithm divided the network into unequal clusters and selected the nodes with the most residual energy as cluster heads. And the cluster heads recorded the change of nodes' energy. During the cluster heads replacement, the cluster heads adopted local replacement strategy and appointed the node with the most residual energy as the next cluster head. Therefore, the algorithm modified cluster heads' energy efficiency and balanced the energy consumption among cluster heads. Finally, a simulation experiment was carried out and the experimental results show that the improved algorithm can effectively improve network performance and prolong the network life cycle.