飞机线缆自动检测系统布局优化设计研究

针对大型飞机约40000测试点的线缆自动检测系统中测试箱点数、测试箱位置和测试设备间控制电缆连接路径进行优化设计。利用近邻交换法实现机载插头自动分类，并基于0-1背包求解方法提升测试箱可接入点数利用率；利用分步遗传粒子群算法，以转接电缆总长最短为目标，优化测试箱可接入点数和测试箱位置；将控制电缆连接路径抽象为多支路无返回旅行商问题，取测试箱空间位置为节点，测试箱之间的控制线缆为边，测试箱内的对接点数量为权重，构建无向加权网络模型，并以支路总长最短、支路均衡为目标，采用混合离散粒子群算法搜索最佳连接路径，实现测试系统多支路优化设计。与原设计结果相比，测试箱可接入点数利用率从89.7%提高到100%，减少转接电缆10%、控制电缆18%。对线缆自动检测系统测试方案中待优化项目进行数学建模，涵盖了转接电缆的插头分类模型建立、转接电缆长度计算模型建立和控制电缆长度计算模型建立，并基于粒子群智能优化算法，优化线缆自动检测系统布局，从而达到了飞机线缆自动检测系统轻量化设计及最优成本实现。

Layout Optimization Design of Aircraft Harness Automatic Testing System

The test box points,test box positions and control cable connection paths between the test equipments are optimized for the cable automatic detection system of about 40000 test points of large aircraft.Using the nearest neighbor exchange method to realize the automatic classification of the airborne plug,and based on the 0-1 backpack solution method to improve the utilization rate of the test box access points.The step-by-step genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the number of accessible points and the location of the test box,aiming at the shortest total length of the transfer cable.The control cable connection path is abstracted as a multi-branch no-return traveling salesman problem.Taking the space position of the test box as the node,the connection relationship of the test box control cable as the edge,and the number of the connection points of the test equipment as the weight,the undirected weighted network model is constructed.Aiming at the shortest total length of the branch and the equalization of the branch,the hybrid discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to search the optimal connection path to realize the multi-branch optimization design of the test system.The optimized design results show that the utilization rate of test box access points is increased from 89.7% to 100%,the total length of the adapter cable is reduced by nearly 10%,and the total length of the control cable is reduced by 18%.The mathematical modeling of the test parts to be improved in the system is carried out,including the establishments of the plug classification model in the adapter cable scheme,the conversion cable length calculation model and the control cable length calculation model,and based on the particle swarm intelligent optimization algorithm,the system layout is optimized and the lightweight and optimal cost design of the aircraft cable automatic detection system layout are realized.