便携式傅里叶变换红外光谱仪在大气温室气体观测中的应用进展

大气温室气体柱浓度地基遥感观测是碳监测卫星验证和校正的有效手段，目前主要依赖于昂贵且移动困难的高分辨率傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（120/125 HR）。采用便携式较低光谱分辨率（0.5cm^-1）傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（EM27/SUN）进行温室气体柱浓度的监测提供了一种新型的便捷手段。EM27/SUN通过自带的太阳跟踪器记录太阳直射辐射光谱，根据温室气体在短波红外波段存在明显吸收线的原理，利用非线性最小二乘算法PROFFIT和GGG反演柱气体平均干空气摩尔分数X_gas。通过高精度反演算法反演后得到的数据具有较高精度和高稳定度，具备进行科学应用的条件。EM27/SUN在国际上的科学应用主要总结为3类：烟羽成分浓度测量、卫星验证以及城市尺度源汇估算。重点讨论了EM27/SUN相比于其他观测手段的优势及带来的创新性结果。展望了未来EM27/SUN可以用于国内外各种特殊点的气体羽流分析、卫星数据验证和城市源汇分析工作，还可以用于不同TCCON站点的传递定标。

Review of Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Observation and Application based on Portable Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer

Ground-based remote sensing observation of Atmospheric greenhouse gas （GHG） column concentration has been taken great effort to support and validate satellite data . The high-resolution IFS 120/125 HR owns outstanding capabilities in its precision， but it is expansive and poor in transportability. The portable low resolution （0.5 cm^-1） Fourier infrared spectrometer EM27/SUN records the direct solar absorption spectra through its own solar tracker， which is a new method to provide GHG monitoring where TCCON stations are sparse. Based on the principle that GHG have obvious absorption lines in the short-wave infrared region， the non-linear least squares algorithm PROFFIT and GGG are widely used to retrieve the column gas average dry air mole fraction （X_gas） from the recorded spectrum. EM27/SUN data has high accuracy and stability， which is suitable for scientific application. The international applications of EM27/Sun are mainly summarized into three categories： remote sensing of the gaseous composition of plumes， satellite validation and gas emission estimation on the city scale. The unique advantages and innovative results of EM27/SUN compared with other observation methods are discussed. It is proposed that the protable EM27/SUN may help quantifying the gas components of plumes， validating satellite data from home and abroad， source distribution estimation in urban areas and quantizing station-to-station variability of different TCCON sites by using this travelling spectrometer.