基于3S技术的荒漠化监测技术系统研究

武威市地处典型温带荒漠气候区,绿洲边缘地带的土地沙化、河流下游土地盐渍化和中低山草场的植被退化是荒漠化的主要表现形式。武威市荒漠化监测技术系统的构建,应以“3S”技术的综合与集成应用为主要技术手段,构建以矢量数据为主要数据结构形式的荒漠化空间数据管理系统,用于满足中大尺度荒漠化动态监测的需要为原则。该技术系统可分为数据的获取和输入、遥感影像处理和分类成图、空间数据管理以及监测结果输出等4个子系统。研究提出了荒漠化监测技术系统建立中适合当地荒漠化特点的荒漠化潜在发生范围确定、荒漠化土地类型划分体系、遥感影像荒漠化信息提取、基于DEM的坡耕地荒漠化评价等关键技术的解决方法。

Study on Desertification Monitoring System Based on Remote Sensing, GIS and GPS

Wuwei lies in the temperate zone with typical desertified climate, which land types have sandy in oasis margins, saline and alkaline in downriver district and grassland degradation at mid and low mountains. Remote sensing, GIS and GPS were used to design desertification monitoring system in Wuwei. The system takes vector data as major data resources to construct management system of desertified spatial data, which meets the demand for mid and large scale desertified dynamic monitoring. The system includes data collecting and inputting, remote sensing processing and classification maps, spatial data management and result outputting. At last, this paper provides the methods for determining desertification and types, desertified information extraction from remote sensing images, desertification assessment of sloping cultivated land based on DEM.