基于多蚁群算法的无线传感器网络路由的跨层设计

针对事件驱动型无线传感器网络对数据传输的强实时性和高可靠性的要求，将统计获得的节点接入效率和负载队列长度等MAC层状态信息作为路由度量参数。考虑到蚂蚁网络算法在重负荷网络中存在传输延迟大、聚合速度慢等缺陷，提出了一种基于多蚁群算法的负载感知和高效接入的跨层路由协议，该协议把节点的单跳延迟、负载及带宽接入效率等参数作为路径的启发值进行路由优化。仿真结果表明，基于多蚁群算法的路由协议能够保证数据传输的实时性，能够实现无线传感器网络的拥塞控制及负载平衡。

Cross-layer Routing Design for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Multiple Ant Colony Algorithm

Since the event driven wireless sensor networks required strong real-time and high reliability for data transmission, the access efficiency and queue length which were obtained from the media access control layer were regarded as routing metric parameters. However, there is increasing concern that the AntNet algorithm is being disadvantaged because of large transmission delay and slow polymerization in the heavy-loading wireless sensor networks, so the loadsensing and efficient accessing routing protocol was proposed based on multiple ant colony algorithm. In order to seek the optimal path for data transmission in wireless sensor networks, the delay, load, access efficiency were considered as routing metric parameters. The results show that the cross layer routing protocol can guarantee the real time for data transmission and achieve the congestion control and load balancing for wireless sensor networks.