纵轴式掘进机截割头载荷影响因素的仿真分析

针对现有掘进机截割头载荷特性研究方法采用单一影响因素不能全面反映截割头载荷及其波动变化规律的问题,通过分析截割头瞬时载荷,确定了纵轴式掘进机在水平截割工况下截割头载荷的主要影响因素有截割岩石特性、截割头掏槽深度、截割头吃刀深度、截割头转速和截割臂摆速。针对某纵轴式掘进机水平截割工况,采用Matlab对影响截割头载荷的多种因素进行仿真分析,得到了各向载荷及其波动随各因素的变化规律:截割头载荷随着岩壁普氏系数的增大而增加,其中横向阻力增加尤为明显,横向阻力波动程度高于其他方向载荷,且随着岩壁普氏系数的增大呈减小趋势;随着截割头掏槽深度的增加,截割头各向载荷近似呈线性增加,其中升力增加幅度最大,各向载荷波动则随着截割头掏槽深度的增大而减小;随着吃刀深度的增加,截割头载荷总体呈增大趋势,载荷波动程度则随之减小;在截割头转速一定的情况下,截割头载荷均随着截割臂摆速的增加而增大,在同一摆速下,截割头载荷随着截割头转速的减小而增大,横向阻力波动明显高于升力和推进阻力波动,横向阻力和推进阻力波动按截割头载荷规律变化,升力波动则与之相反。截割头载荷波动变化规律与截割头载荷变化规律不尽一致,有时甚至相互冲突。因此,掘进机作业过程中应合理选择截割头掏槽深度、吃刀深度等操作参数和截割头转速、截割臂摆速等运动参数,使各参数相互匹配,以减小掘进机振动,延长使用寿命。

Simulation analysis on influencing factors of cutting head load of longitudinal roadheader

In view of problem that single influencing factor can not fully reflect cutting head load and its fluctuation variation law in existing research methods of cutting head load characteristics for roadheader,by analyzing instantaneous load of cutting head,the main influencing factors on cutting head load of longitudinal roadheader under horizontal cutting condition were determined,including cutting rock character,slotting depth,cutting depth of cutting head,rotating speed of cutting head and swing speed of cutting boom.For horizontal cutting condition of a longitudinal roadheader,a comprehensive simulation analysis of various factors that affect cutting head load was carried out using Matlab,and variation laws of cutting head load and its fluctuation with various factors were obtained:the load of the cutting head increases with the increase of the Protodyakonov coefficient of the rock faces,and the increase of the lateral resistance is particularly obvious.The degree of lateral resistance fluctuation is higher than the others,and it decreases with the increase of the Protodyakonov coefficient of the rock faces.As the slotting depth increases,the load in each direction of the cutting head increases approximately linearly and the lifting load increases most,and the load fluctuations in all directions decrease with the slotting depth increases.With the increase of the cutting depth,the cutting head load generally increases,and the degree of load fluctuation decreases.Under the condition that the rotating speed of the cutting head is constant,the cutting head load increases with the increase of the cutting boom swing speed.At the same swing speed,the cutting head load increases with the rotating speed of the cutting head decreasing.The lateral resistance fluctuation is significantly higher than the lifting and propulsion resistance fluctuations,the lateral resistance and propulsion resistance fluctuations change according to the cutting head load law,and the lifting fluctuation is opposite.The variation law of the load fluctuation is not consistent with that of the cutting head load,and sometimes even conflicts with each other.Therefore,the operating parameters(slotting depth,cutting depth)and motion parameters(cutting head rotating speed and cutting arm swing speed)of the cutting head should be selected reasonably during operation of the roadheader,so that the parameters can be matched with each other to reduce the roadheader vibration and extend life of the roadheader.