基于声灵敏度的车身拓扑优化

为探讨板件结构对车内噪声的影响,建立某商务车的白车身有限元模型,分析其模态和车身声灵敏度,确定对汽车低频振动和噪声影响较大的板件;结合变密度法在整车环境下对板件进行减振降噪的拓扑优化,根据拓扑优化结果对板件进行结构修改. 优化后的车身声灵敏度曲线与原车身声灵敏度曲线相比,低频范围内的峰值都有不同程度的降低,表明结合整车动态响应的汽车板件结构拓扑优化可以有效降低车内低频振动噪声.

Topology optimization of car body based on acoustic sensitivity

To study the influence of panel structure on car interior noise, the finite element model of body-in-white of a business car is built, the modal and acoustic sensitivity are analyzed, the panels which have bigger influence on the low frequency vibration and noise of the car are determined. With the variable density method, a topology optimization on the vibration and noise reduction under the whole environment of the car is studied and the structure of the panels are modified. Compared with the sensitivity curves of the optimized car body and the original one, the peak values in the range of low frequency are decreased in different degree. So it indicates that low frequency vibration and noise can be effectively reduced by topology optimization of car panels with the combination of the dynamic response with the whole car.