DNA计算机原理、进展及难点(Ⅳ):论DNA计算机模型

在DNA计算机研究中,所建模型的好坏直接影响着DNA计算中诸多问题,如编码的难易程度、整个生物操作或生化反应的设计、解空间的大小、计算时间多少、应用范围以及通用性的程度等.如何建立快速的、功能强的、具有一定通用性的DNA计算机模型,是从事DNA计算机研究者一直关注与感兴趣的难题.为此,该文将主要围绕着DNA计算机的模型建立展开讨论,重点讨论10年来所建立起来的一些主要模型.共分为三种类型:第一种是利用DNA分子结构与特性所建立起来的几种主要模型;第二种是利用生物操作方式所建立的三种模型:试管型、表面型与芯片型;第三种是所谓的DNA计算机模型.文中讨论了这些模型的基本原理、功能、优缺点以及应用的研究进展等.最后,对DNA计算机模型研究中的难点进行了分析,并给出了相应的解决思路.

DNA Computer Principle, Advances and Difficulties (Ⅳ): On the Models of DNA Computer

In the DNA computer research,the quality of the model set up in DNA computing have a effect directly on all it's aspects,such as the extent of difficulty of encoding,the complete design of bio-operation and biochemistry reaction,size of solution space and computing time.Especially,the models have a effect directly on the application scope of computer as well as extent of universality.How to establish a high speed and powerful DNA Computer model with a certain universality,it is a difficulty problem that computer researcher has been interesting.For this,this paper will make a discussion around the modelings of DNA Computer.It is important that discuss some models built in recent 10 years.They are divided into 3 types:The first one is several main models built by using DNA molecular structure and characteristics;The second one is to make use of the bio-operation method build up of three kinds of model:Tube type,the surface type and chip type;The third is the so-called DNA computer model build up,working properly;This paper discusses the basic principle,function,merit and shortcoming of these models and research progress of the applications,the difficutties of the DNA computer model research analyzes,and gives solving way correspondingly.