User authentication in a tactile internet based remote surgery environment: Security issues,challenges, and future research directions

Recently, the Tactile Internet (TI) becomes a new era of the Internet. The TI provides ultra-reliable, ultra-responsive and intelligent network connectivity for delivering real-time control and physical haptic experiences from a remote location. The TI provides a different feeling to human–machine interaction by implementing the real-time interactive systems. In this review article, we discuss a generalized authentication model which can be used to perform authentication procedure among different communicating parties in order to secure remote surgery in the TI environment. By using the proposed authentication model, an authentication protocol can be designed so that an authenticated surgeon can use the robot/robotic arms to perform the surgery securely as well as remotely. Since the application is very critical, the important instructions provided by the surgeon to the robot/robotic arms must not be leaked in between the communication during the surgical procedure. To deal with this emerging research area, a secure mutual user authentication mechanism should be provided between a remote surgeon and the robot/robotic arms so that they can communicate securely using the established session key among them. Further, several security issues and challenges for such kind of communication are also discussed in this article. Finally, we discuss few points that need to be considered as future research works that are related to authentication for securing remote surgery in the TI environment.