Determining temperature ratings for children's cold weather clothing |
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Authors: | Elizabeth A McCullough Steve Eckels Craig Harms |
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Affiliation: | Kansas State University, Institute for Environmental Research, 64 Seaton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA |
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Abstract: | This study examined the physical and physiological differences between children and adults that affect body heat generation and losses and then developed a heat loss model for determining the temperature ratings of cold weather clothing designed for use by children of various ages. The thermal insulation values of selected jackets were measured using a heated manikin dressed in two base ensembles, and the temperature ratings were calculated using the model. The results indicated that the type of garments used in the base ensemble had a major effect on jacket ensemble insulation and the predicted comfort temperature. For a given level of insulation, the temperature rating decreased as the wearer's age and activity level increased. This is probably because children have a higher surface area per unit mass ratio than adults, and they lose heat faster. However, this effect is partially offset by their higher metabolic rates. |
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Keywords: | Clothing insulation Temperature ratings Thermal modeling |
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