适用于电气化铁路的单相注入式混合有源滤波器

提出了一种适用于电气化铁路的新型单相注入式混合有源滤波器。这种新型有源电力滤波器能够补偿一定的无功，注入支路通过添加基波谐振支路的方法大大降低了有源滤波器的容量，克服了电网基波电压对装置的影响。并详细分析了系统的滤波原理，提出了基于卡尔曼增益自调整的改进型动态谐波含量估计方法，能够快速准确的跟踪检测电网谐波电流，并且克服了电力机车等冲击性负荷引起的电网电压畸变对谐波检测精度的影响；提出了基于逆变器两侧能量平衡的电流控制方法使有源部分吸收或释放一定有功或无功功率及产生与注入支路回灌谐波电流相反的抑制电流，然后联合电网谐波电流跟踪控制以获得系统参考信号，保证了直流侧电压的稳定，提高了装置可靠性，增强了系统滤波性能。仿真和实验结果表明这种新型单相注入式混合有源电力滤波器可靠性较高，满足电气化铁路所带电力机车等冲击性负荷的要求，可获得良好的滤波效果。

A Novel Single-phase Hybrid Active Power Filter Applied to Electrical Railway System

A novel single-phase hybrid active power filter applied to electrical railway system is proposed. It can compensate reactive power and it overcomes the influence made by fundamental voltage because the fundamental resonance in the injection circuit reduces the capacity of the active power filter. The principle of the novel single-phase hybrid active power filter is described in detail. Based on the above analysis, Kalman filtering approach for estimation of harmonics is presented to improve the speed and precision of harmonic detection, and it also can avoid the influence made by voltage distortion on harmonic detection. A new current control strategy based on energy balance is presented to regulate the active part absorbing or releasing active power and control the inverter to produce current opposite to the harmonic current reflowing in injection branch, the above method combined with harmonic current tracking control that keeps the stabilization of dc-side voltage and improve the reliability of the system. Experimental and simulation results prove the validity of the proposed single-phase hybrid active power filter; it can satisfy the need of electrical railway system commendably.