合成气燃气轮机燃烧室的试验研究

对某分管型燃气轮机燃烧室及其两个用于燃烧中热值合成气的改造方案在中压全尺寸试验台上进行了考核和实验研究。试验采用的等容积流率模化准则,即采用与真实燃烧室相同的尺寸、燃料、过量空气系数以及燃料和空气进口温度,而空气的总压和流量以及燃料的流量取为真实参数的1/6。试验结果表明2个改造方案的性能参数,包括燃烧效率、总压损失、出口温度分布、火焰筒壁面温度分布和火焰的稳定性(贫燃料熄火极限)都能够满足设计要求。此外,与原型燃烧室燃烧轻柴油的工况相比,2个改造方案在燃烧合成气时燃烧室主燃区的火焰筒壁面温度升高,而燃烧室的NOx排放大大降低,火焰的稳定性得到明显改善。因此保持火焰筒开孔规律不变,增大气体燃料喷射孔面积并增强旋流对燃烧室进行改造,使其能够高效洁净地燃烧中热值合成气,该方法是可行的。

Experimental Research on Gas Turbine Combustor for Burning Syngas

A gas turbine combustor with multi-can combustion system and its two retrofitting schemes for burning medium-heating-value syngas were studied experimentally on a medium-pressure full-scale test stand.The equal volume flowrate modeling rule was adopted in the experiments that the combustor dimension,fuel,air stoichiometry number,inlet temperatures of air and fuel were the same as that of the actual working condition,but the total pressure and mass flowrate of the air and fuel were set to one sixth of the actual value.The experimental results show that all the performance parameters of the two retrofitting schemes,including combustion efficiency,total pressure loss,exhaust temperature profile,metal temperature distribution of the combustion liner and flame stability,have satisfied the design specification.Compared with the original combustor burning diesel oil,the metal temperatures of the combustion liners in the primary zone of the two retrofitting schemes burning syngas increase,their NOx emissions decrease distinctly,and their flame stability is improved evidently.It can be concluded that it is feasible that keeping the liner unchanged,increasing the area of the fuel holes and enhancing the swirl number of the swirler to retrofit the original combustor with natural gas as fuel for burning medium-heating-value syngas.