面向电力传感器的环境能量收集技术发展趋势及面临的挑战

电力传感器作为能源互联网感知层的基本组成部分，其供电稳定性是广大从业者的关注重点。通过环境能量收集技术为传感器供电，可使传感器具有自供电特性以及长期免维护的优势，能量收集技术在电力传感领域的应用受到了越来越广泛关注。综述了环境能量收集技术在电力领域的应用现状以及温差、振动、风致振动等新型能量收集技术的特点。结合电力行业传感器应用需求，提出了环境能量收集技术在电力行业应用的发展趋势，总结为取能方式多样化、取能器件小型化和取能传感一体化等发展方向，并对应用发展面临的挑战进行了剖析，提出了取能技术应用面临的技术挑战、可靠性挑战和应用适配挑战。

Power Sensor-oriented Development and Challenges of Environmental Energy Harvesting Technologies

As the basic component of the energy Internet sensing layer, power sensor has attracted attentions from practitioners with focus on its power supply stability. Environmental energy harvesting technology makes the power sensor have self-powered capability and long-term maintenance-free advantages, and its application in power sensors has thus attracted more and more attentions. A review is made of the application status of environmental energy harvesting technologies in the field of electric power,as well as the characteristics of new energy harvesting technologies such as temperature difference, vibration, wind-induced vibration, etc.. Based on the application requirements of power sensors, the development trend of environmental energy harvesting technologies is predicted for their application in electric power industry, which can be summarized as diversification of energy harvesting methods, miniaturization of energy harvesting devices, integration of energy harvesting devices and sensors. In addition, a systematic analysis is made on the technical challenges, reliability challenges and application adaptation challenges in application of the energy harvesting technologies to the power sensor field.