海底电缆用阻水型线导体设计方法及试验研究

阻水导体的设计制造是海底电缆领域内的关键课题之一。提出一种等截面梯形型线阻水导体结构的理论设计方法，通用性强，可编程性高，适用于50~3 500 mm²阻水导体的设计和生产制造，可解决阻水型线导体设计和制造困难、尺寸不合理等问题，导体填充系数可达到0.96以上；然后，通过阻水、机械、电气性能试验，验证所述理论设计方法和工艺制造的合理性，导体结构对海缆的整体性能无不良影响，且阻水胶型线导体结构优于阻水带结构；最后，根据理论计算，所述方法设计的中压海缆型线导体外径比紧压圆形导体小3.9%~7.0%，最大可降低1.1%的制造成本。导体截面越大，型线导体结构优化越显著，验证了型线结构海缆的经济性。

Design Method and Experimental Study of Water-Blocking Special-Shaped Wire Conductor for Submarine Cable

The design and manufacture of water-blocking conductor is one of the key research topics in field of submarine cable. A new theoretical design method is proposed for trapezoidal wire water-blocking conductor with structures of constant cross section, which has strong versatility and high programmability, suitable for design and manufacturing of water-blocking conductor with a cross-section ranging from 50 mm² to 3500 m². The problems such as difficult design & manufacturing and unreasonable conductor size could be solved, with a filling coefficient of conductor reaching more than 0.96. Then, the rationality of the theoretical design method and manufacturing process is verified through water-blocking, mechanical and electrical performance tests. The trapezoidal wire conductor structure has no adverse effect on the cable’s overall performance, and the water-blocking glue conductor is better than that of the water-blocking tape structure. Finally, according to theoretical calculation, the outer diameter of the trapezoidal wire conductor for medium voltage submarine cables designed with the proposed method are 3.9% ~ 7.0% smaller than that of compact circular conductor, which can reduce the manufacturing cost by 1.1%. With the larger conductor cross-section, the structure optimization is more significant, which verifies the economy of submarine cables with trapezoidal wire conductor structure.