“十四五”中国海上风电发展关键问题

自2016年以来，中国海上风电快速发展，提前一年完成“十三五”规划目标。结合“十三五”以及欧洲海上风电开发与运行经验，对“十四五”中国海上风电技术装备能力、经济性以及规模布局等问题进行探讨。研究结果表明，“十四五”末，中国海上风电累计装机容量将达到2500万~3500万kW；装备制造能力可满足每年300万~500万kW海上风电开发需要；除个别省份和海域可实现平价上网外，总体难以达到平价上网水平。开展海上风电勘察与资源再评估，适应中国风资源条件风电机组选型，提升大规模集中连片海上风电安全稳定运行水平，完善海上风电发展相关政策是促进海上风电发展的重要举措。

Key Issues of China's Offshore Wind Power Development in the “14th Five-Year Plan”

Since 2016, China's offshore wind power has developed rapidly, completing the "13th Five-Year Plan" target one year ahead of schedule. In light of the "13th Five-Year Plan" and the development and operation experience of European offshore wind power, the paper discusses several issues concerning the technical equipment capacity, economy and development layout of China's offshore wind power during the "14th Five-Year Plan". The research results show that by the end of the "14th Five-Year Plan", China's cumulative installed capacity of offshore wind power will reach 25 to 35 million kilowatts; its equipment manufacturing capacity can meet the needs of offshore wind power development of 3 to 5 million kilowatts per year; except for a few provinces and sea areas, where parity can be achieved, it's difficult to reach overall parity for the whole grid. Carrying out offshore wind power survey and resource reassessment, selecting unit capacity to meet China's wind resource conditions, improving the safety and stability of large-scale centralized offshore wind power operation, and improving related policies for offshore wind power development are important measures to promote development of offshore wind power.