电力系统元件经济运行指标的统一

在分析输电线路、变压器和异步电动机的物理特性基础上，对其经济运行指标进行了统一。首先将输电线路无功充电功率定义为输电线路的空载损耗，然后分析输电线路传输功率损耗率最低点的运行状况，在此基础上指出目前采用输电线路经济电流密度指标来衡量输电线路经济运行的不足，从而推导了衡量输电线路经济运行状况指标的输电线路经济负载率。在目前考虑变压器实际运行情况后的经济负载系数上，提出进一步考虑变压器投资回收，并推导了考虑变压器投资回收后的变压器经济负载率。最后将考虑异步电动机运行状况以及投资回收的经济负载率与输电线路、变压器的经济负载率格式进行了统一，指出3个元件的经济运行指标是统一的，可以用统一经济指标——经济负载率来判断和选择输电电路、变压器和异步电动机的经济运行情况。

Unification and Application for Economical Operation Index of Power System Component

Based on analysis on physics characters of transmission line, transformer and asynchronism electromotor, economical oper- ation index is thus unified for them. At first, capacritance reactive power of transmission line is defined as empty power loss. Then, the lowest power loss ratio of transmission line is analyzed. The deficiency of economical current density which is used for evaluating e- conomical operation of transmission line is pointed out. So, economical load ratio which is used for evaluating economical operation of transmission line is deduced. Both transformer operation statue and investment must be considered for transformer economical load rati- o. And on the basis of economical operation index for the transmission line, investment recovery of transformers is considered, so eco- nomical load ratio for that is deduced. At last, asynchronism electromotor and economical load ratio of investment recovery is untied with the form of transmission line and transformer economical load ratio.