社区能力视角下协商系统实践的类型特征与发展趋向——基于全国首批最具代表性优秀社区工作法的比较

社区协商是基层群众自治的生动实践,是社会主义协商民主建设的重要组成部分和有效实现形式。以社区能力视角为切入,结合当前协商民主研究最前沿的协商系统理论,建构了影响社区协商系统质量的社区能力要素框架。通过对民政部遴选出的全国首批最具代表性的10个优秀社区工作法进行案例比较分析,依照社区能力要素构成划分出不同的社区协商类型特征,包括专业-能人型协商、开放-大众型协商、包容-混合型协商,并以此为基础探讨了协商系统中专业和开放的发展趋向。提出需要立足社区能力,增强四大要素能力,从协商系统全局出发,在协商制度化过程中更重视整体性和系统性,才能扎实推进协商实践的合理创新和高质量发展。

Research on the Characteristics and Development Trend of Consultative System Practice from the Perspective of Community Capability

Community consultation is regarded as a vivid practice of grassroots self-government and an important part and effective form of socialist consultative democracy.In this paper,from the perspective of community capacity,combined with the consultation system theory from the most advanced consultative democracy research,element structure of community capacity that affect the quality of community consultation system is proposed(including resident,leadership,institution construction and resource acquisition).This paper compares and analyzes the working rules of the the first cohort of the state-level TEN Excellent Communities selected by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of China,also based on community capacity elements defines the community consultation types which include professional-expert consultation,open-public consultation,inclusive-comprehensive consultation,and steps further into the discussion of professional and open development trend of the consultation system.This paper points out that we must depend on the community capacity,strengthen four elemental capacity,put the general layout of consultation system in mind,put more premium on the integrity and coherence in the process of consultation institutionalization,so as to solidly promote the reasonable innovation and high-quality development of consultative practice.